Product Description
InP quantum dots (QDs) are typical group III-V semiconductor nanocrystals with large excitation radii and high carrier mobility. The advantages of InP QDs include large absorption coefficients, wide color tunability and low toxicity, which make them promising alternatives to classical Cd/Pb-based quantum dots in practical applications. In the past two decades, advances in wet chemistry methods have made it possible to synthesize small-size colloidal InP QDs with the help of organic ligands. By proper selection of synthesis scheme and precursor materials, coupled with surface passivation, the QYs of InP QDs were pushed to near unity with low color purity. The state-of-the-art InP QDs have attractive optical and electronic properties and perform well in many applications with commercialization potential.
Crystal Structure of InP
The crystal structure of indium phosphide, whose ICSD number is 24517, is shown in Figure 1, as reviewed by the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database. The space group is F-43m, and the cell structure is a cubic crystal system with a = b = c = 5.873, α = β = γ = 90. In atoms are located in the eight vertices and six face centers of the cubic crystal system, and P atoms are located in the tetrahedral interstices in the cubic crystal system, where one P atom is located at x = y = z = 0.25, symmetrically distributed in the tetrahedra, with coordination number 4.
Fig. 1 Crystal structure of InP.
Energy Band Structure of Indium Phosphide
InP is a direct band gap material, the bottom of the conduction band and the top of the valence band are located at the G point in the Brillouin zone, and the valence band of InP can be divided into two regions: the high energy end (-5.6 to 0.0 eV) and the low energy end (-11.5 to -9.0 eV). As can be seen from the energy band diagram, the wider and more undulating band near the Fermi level indicates that the smaller the effective mass of the electrons in this band, the greater the non-local extent, and the more extended the atomic orbitals that make up this band.
Fig.2 Band structure and density of states (DOS) of InP (calculated by MS software).
Applications
In response to energy demand and concerns about global warming and climate change, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly solid-state lighting is considered to be the most promising and suitable light source. White light emitting diodes (WLEDs) based on colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (or quantum dots) show potential to replace conventional incandescent and fluorescent lamps due to their small size, high efficiency and long lifetime. Such a replacement could reduce the growing energy consumption, address the rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves, and improve global environmental quality.
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Reference
- YUAN B.X., et al. Preparation and application prospect of InP quantum dots. Journal of Functional Materials, 2021, 52(3):8.
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